핵심 명제
감정·관심 수동은 by 가 아닌 다른 전치사. 동사·형용사별 짝꿍을 외운다.
표 한 장이 시험 답.
설명
수동태의 행위자는 보통 by 지만, 감정·상태·관심·재료 표현에는 다른 전치사가 고정.
8 대 짝꿍
| 표현 | 전치사 | 의미 |
|---|---|---|
| be interested in | in | ~에 관심 있다 |
| be surprised at | at | ~에 놀라다 |
| be pleased with | with | ~에 기뻐하다 |
| be satisfied with | with | ~에 만족하다 |
| be filled with | with | ~로 가득 차다 |
| be covered with | with | ~로 덮이다 |
| be known to | to | ~에게 알려지다 |
| be made of/from | of/from | ~로 만들어지다 |
예시
✓ I am interested in music.
✓ She was surprised at the news.
✓ He is pleased with the gift.
✓ We are satisfied with the result.
✓ The bottle is filled with water.
✓ The mountain is covered with snow.
✓ He is known to everyone.
be made of / from / into — 재료 변형 정도
| 형태 | 의미 |
|---|---|
| be made of | 재료가 보임 (변형 작음) |
| be made from | 재료가 안 보임 (변형 큼) |
| be made into | 재료가 ~로 변형됨 |
✓ The desk is made of wood. (나무 보임)
✓ Wine is made from grapes. (포도 안 보임)
✓ Grapes are made into wine. (포도 → 와인 변형)
be known — 4가지 의미
| 형태 | 의미 |
|---|---|
| be known to | ~에게 알려진 (대상) |
| be known for | ~로 유명한 (이유) |
| be known as | ~로서 알려진 (역할·이름) |
| be known by | ~로 판별되는 |
✓ He is known to everyone. (모두에게 알려짐)
✓ She is known for her kindness. (친절로 유명)
✓ He is known as a writer. (작가로서)
✓ A man is known by the company he keeps. (친구로 판별)
감정 형용사 — 사람 주어 + 전치사
(1-5 / 7-1 단원의 감정 형용사 -ed 형 — 사람이 받는 감정)
| 형태 | 전치사 |
|---|---|
| be excited about | about |
| be worried about | about |
| be afraid of | of |
| be tired of | of |
| be ashamed of | of |
| be proud of | of |
| be sick of | of |
| be amazed at/by | at/by |
| be disappointed with/in/at | with/in/at |
| be shocked at/by | at/by |
✓ I am excited about the trip.
✓ She is worried about her son.
✓ He is afraid of dogs.
✓ I am tired of waiting.
✓ She is proud of her achievements.
학생 단골 함정
✗ I am interested for music.
✓ I am interested in music.
✗ She is married with a doctor.
✓ She is married to a doctor. (married to)
✗ He is engaged with her.
✓ He is engaged to her. (engaged to)
married to / engaged to 도 시험 단골.
대표 문장 (외우기)
I am interested in music, surprised at his talent, and pleased with the concert.
나는 음악에 관심 있고, 그의 재능에 놀랐고, 콘서트에 기뻤다.
interested in + surprised at + pleased with. 8 대 짝꿍 중 3개.