핵심 명제
관계부사 = 전치사 + 관계대명사. 장소 where, 시간 when, 이유 why, 방법 how.
선행사 종류로 결정.
설명
4가지 관계부사
| 관계부사 | = 전치사 + which | 선행사 |
|---|---|---|
| where | in/at/to/on which | 장소 (the place, the city) |
| when | in/at/on which | 시간 (the day, the time, the year) |
| why | for which | 이유 (the reason) |
| how | in which | 방법 (the way) |
where — 장소
✓ This is the city where I was born.
= This is the city in which I was born.
= This is the city which I was born in.
세 형태 다 같은 의미. 관계부사 형태가 가장 단순.
when — 시간
✓ I'll never forget the day when I met you.
= I'll never forget the day on which I met you.
= I'll never forget the day (that) I met you. (생략)
why — 이유
선행사 = the reason.
✓ This is the reason why I am late.
= This is the reason for which I am late. (격식)
= This is the reason (that) I am late. (생략)
how — 방법 — 함정!
선행사 = the way. the way 와 how 는 동시에 쓸 수 없다.
✗ This is the way how I solved it.
✓ This is how I solved it.
✓ This is the way I solved it.
✓ This is the way in which I solved it.
the way 또는 how 둘 중 하나만. 둘 다 쓰면 X.
관계부사 vs 관계대명사 — 구별법
관계대명사 뒤에는 불완전한 절 (주어·목적어 빠짐), 관계부사 뒤에는 완전한 절.
✓ The book which I read is interesting.
(I read 의 목적어 자리 빈 = 불완전 → 관계대명사 which)
✓ The room where I sleep is small.
(I sleep — 자동사 + 완전한 절 → 관계부사 where)
I sleep in the room 의 in the room 이 관계부사로 바뀐 것.
선행사 생략
선행사가 일반적인 단어면 생략 가능.
✓ This is (the place) where I live.
✓ Tell me (the time) when you arrive.
✓ I don't know (the reason) why he left.
관계부사 that 으로 바꾸기
관계부사는 that 또는 생략 가능.
✓ The day when I met you = The day (that) I met you
✓ The reason why he left = The reason (that) he left
자주 시험 패턴
✓ Seoul is the city where I was born. (장소 → where)
✓ Spring is the season when flowers bloom. (시간 → when)
✓ Tell me the reason why you are late. (이유 → why)
✓ This is how it works. (방법 → how, the way 없이)
대표 문장 (외우기)
I remember the day when we met, but I don't know the reason why she left.
우리가 만난 날을 기억한다. 그런데 그녀가 왜 떠났는지는 모른다.
the day when (시간) + the reason why (이유). 두 관계부사 패턴.